Nucleus

The nucleus, a large and rounded organelle, is the control center of the cell.  In a cell that is not in the process of dividing, the nucleus contains loosely coiled material called chromatin.  When a cell prepares to divide, the chromatin becomes more tightly coiled and condenses to form rod-shaped bodies, called the chromosomes.  Each chromosomes contains hundreds or thousands of genes which are the units of hereditary information that govern the structure and activity of the cell.  The genes, which are arranged in a specific linear order, are composed of the chemical compound DNA.  We can think of the chromosomes as a chemical cookbook for the cell and each gene as a recipe for making a specific protein.

The complete set of genes that make up the human genetic material is the human genome.  The Human Genome Project, completed in 2003, mapped the 30,000 or so genes that make up the human genome.  Researches continue to study the proteins coded by the genes.  Genome research is providing knowledge that can be applied to prevention and treatment of many human disorders.

The nucleolus is a specialized region within the nucleus.  The nucleolus assembles ribosomes, organelles that help manufacture proteins.

Function of Cell membranes and Structure of the Plasma membrane

Many organelles are surrounded by membranes that form compartments.  These compartments allow the cell to separate various processes.

Most cells are bounded by a thin plasma membrane that protects the cell and regulates the passage of materials into and out of the cell.

The plasma membrane consists of a double layer of lipids in which proteins are embedded.  Many of the lipids are phospholipids, lipids that contain phosphorus.  The positions of the proteins change as they move about like icebergs in a fluid sea of phospholipids.  Some of the proteins form channels that selectively permit the passage of certain substances through the membrane.

General characteristics of Cells

The cell is an amazingly complex structure.  It has a control center, internal transportation system, power plants, factories for making needed materials, and packaging plants.

Cells, the building blocks of the body, have specialized organelles that carry out specific functions.

Most organelles are dispersed within the cytoplasm which is the jellylike material of the cell.

Most cells are very small and must be studied with microscope.  The microscope is one of the biologist's most important tools for studying the internal structure of cells.  Most cell structures were first identified with an ordinary light microscope, which uses visible light as the source of illumination.  The development of the electron microscope, which came into widespread use in the 1950s, enabled researches to study the fine detail (ultra structure) of cells and their parts.  The electron microscope uses an electron beam of energized electrons.  Photographs taken with the light microscope are referred to as light micrographs (LMs) and photographs taken with the electron microscope are referred to as electron micrographs (EMs) .

The size and shape of the cell are related to the specific functions it must perform.  For example, sperm cells are tiny cells with long, whiplike tails (called flagella) .  The tail is used to move towards the ovum or egg.  The ovum is one of the largest cells in the human body.  Epithelial cells which look like little building blocks cover body surfaces and line body cavities.  Muscle cells are elongated and specialized for contraction.  Nerve cells have long extensions that permit them to transmit messages over long distances within the body.  Lymphocytes, a type of white blood cells, change their shape as they move through the tissues of the body, destroying invading bacteria.

Homeostasis and Feedback Mechanisms

Metabolic activities are carefully regulated to maintain homeostasis which is an appropriate internal environment, or steady state.

Homeostatic mechanisms are the self-regulating control systems that maintain homeostasis.  Homeostatic mechanisms are remarkably sensitive and efficient.  Homeostasis must be maintained even though conditions may continuously change in the external environment.

Stressors are the stimuli that disrupt homeostasis, cause stress that activate homeostatic mechanisms.  For example eating a bag of candy is a stressor that raises the blood sugar concentration above the homeostatic level.  This stress activates homeostatic mechanisms that bring the blood sugar concentration back to the normal range.  When homeostatic mechanisms are unable to manage stress, steady state is not restored.  The stress may then lead to a malfunction, which can cause disease or even death.

Many homeostatic mechanisms are negative feedback systems, in which the response of the regulator (control center) is opposite to the change.  Examples of negative feedback mechanisms are

• Osmoregulation is the regulation of water concentrations in the bloodstream, effectively controlling the amount of water available for cells to absorb.
• Osmoreceptors that are capable of detecting water concentration are situated on the hypothalamus next to the circulatory system.
• The hypothalamus sends chemical messages to the pituitary gland next to it.
• The pituitary gland secretes anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) which targets the kidney responsible for maintaining water levels.
• When the hormone reaches its target tissue, it alters the tubules of the kidney to become more/less permeable to water.
• If more water is required in the blood stream, high concentrations of ADH make the tubules more permeable.
• If less water is required in the blood stream, less concentrations of ADH make the tubules less permeable.

Many homeostatic mechanisms are positive feedback systems, in which variation from the steady state sets off a series of events that intensify the change.  Examples of positive feedback mechanisms are

• One example of a biological positive feedback loop is the onset of contraction in childbirth.  When a contraction occurs, the hormone oxytocin is released into the body, which stimulates further contractions.  This results in contractions increasing in amplitude and frequency.
• Lactation involves positive feedback so that the more the baby suckles, the more milk is produced.
• In most cases, once the purpose of the feedback loop is completed, counter-signals are released that suppress or break the loop.  Childbirth contractions stop when the baby is out of the mother's body.  Lactation stops when the baby no longer nurses.

Metabolism, Catabolism, and Anabolism

The chemical activities that take place in the body are its metabolism.  Two phases of metabolism are catabolism and anabolism.

Catabolism, the breaking down phase of metabolism, provides energy required for anabolism which is the building phase of metabolism.  For example, catabolism generates the energy needed for muscle contraction and for growth.  Cellular respiration is the catabolic process in which nutrients are broken down and their energy packaged within a special storage molecule called ATP (adenosine triphosphate) for use by the cell.  Cellular respiration requires oxygen as well as nutrients.

Anabolism is the building, or synthetic phase of metabolism.  During anabolism energy is used to make chemical compounds and structures needed by the cell.  These chemical compounds are needed for growth, maintenance and repair of the body.

Human body consists of Inorganic and Organic compounds

The human body is made up of atoms, ions and molecules.  Life processes depend on the organization and interaction of these chemical units.  An atom is the smallest amount of the chemical element that has the characteristic properties of that element.  An ion is an electrically charged atom or a group of atoms.  For example electrically charged hydrogen atom is also called hydrogen ion.  Because of their electric charges, ions are very important in many life processes including energy transformation, transmission of nerve impulses and muscle contraction.

A chemical compound is a molecule that consists of two or more than two different atoms combined in a fixed proportion.  For example water is a chemical compound consisting of two atoms of hydrogen chemically combined with one atom of oxygen.

Chemical compounds can be classified into two broad groups, organic and inorganic compounds.  Inorganic compounds are relatively simple, small compounds such as water, salt, simple acid like hydrochloric acid, and simple base like ammonia.  These substances are required for fluid balance and for many activities of cell such as transporting materials through the cell membrane.  Organic compounds are large, complex compounds containing carbon.  These are the chemical building blocks of the body and also serve as fuel molecules that provide energy for body activities.  Organic compounds also regulate and participate in thousands of chemical reactions necessary for life.

Four important group of organic compounds are carbohydrates,  lipids, proteins, and nucleic acid.

• Carbohydrates are sugars and starches.  They are used as fuel by the body and to store energy.  Glucose is a simple sugar that is a main source of energy for the body.  The liver and muscles can link glucose molecule into long chains, producing glycogen, a large molecule that can be stored.
• Lipids include fats, compounds that store energy; phospholipids, which are components of cell membrane; and steroids, which include several hormones.
• Proteins are complex, and large compounds composed of subunits called amino acids.  Some proteins serve as enzymes, catalyst that regulate chemical reactions.  Other proteins are the structural components of cells and tissues.  The kind and amount of proteins in a cell determine to a large extent what a cell looks like and how it functions.  For example, muscle cells have large amounts of the proteins myosin and actin, which are responsible for their appearance and their ability to work.  
• Nucleic acid are also large and complex compounds.  Two very important nucleic acids are DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) .  DNA makes up genes (the hereditary material) .  It contains the instructions for making all the proteins needed by the cell.  RNA is important in the process of manufacturing proteins.

Principal organ system

The human organism is made up of 11 main organ systems that work together to maintain life.

• The integumentary system consists of skin,hair,nails,sweat glands.It provides a protective covering for the body,helps to regulate body temperature and receives information about touch,pressure,temperature and pain.
• The skeletal system consists of bones,cartilage and ligaments.This provides support ,protects the body,stores calcium,produces blood cells and works with the muscular system to carry out movement.
• The muscular system consists of skeletal muscle,cardiac muscle,smooth muscle.It moves parts of skeleton like locomotion,pumps blood and moves internal materials.
• The nervous system consists of nerves and sense organs;brain and spinal cord.It is the principal regulatory system.It receives stimuli from the external and the internal environment and transmits impulses to muscles and glands.
• The endocrine system consists of pituitary,adrenal,thyroid and other ductless glands.This system works with the nervous system to regulate metabolic activities and body chemistry.It also secretes chemical messengers called hormones.
• The digestive system consists of mouth,esophagus,stomach,intestine,liver,pancreas and salivary glands.This system ingests and digests food,breaks down food and absorbs nutrients into the blood.
• The respiratory system consists of lungs,trachea and other air passageways.This system delivers oxygen to the blood and removes carbon dioxide from the body,maintains appropriate oxygen content and helps to regulate acid-base balance of blood.
• The cardiovascular system consists of heart,blood vessels and blood.It transports nutrients,oxygen,hormones and other substances to the body cells and carries wastes from the cells to the excretory organs,helps in maintaining fluid balance.
• The lymphatic(immune) system consists of lymph,lymphatic vessels,lymph nodes and other lymph structures.This systems collects excess tissue fluid and returns it to the blood,absorbs lipids from digestive tract and transports them to cardiovascular system and defends the body against organisms that cause disease.
• The urinary system consists of kidneys,bladder and associated ducts.This functions to excrete metabolic wastes and helps to regulate fluid balance and acid-base balance.
• The reproductive system consists of testes,ovaries and associated structures,The male reproductive system produces and delivers sperms ans the female reproductive system produces ova and incubates the developing offspring.Both systems release hormones that establish and maintain sexuality.

Levels of organization within the human body

The body is highly organized.The simplest level of organization is the chemical level,consisting of atoms and molecules.All matter is composed of chemical elements -pure chemical substances like iron,calcium or oxygen.About 98% of the human body is composed of 6 elements-oxygen,carbon,hydrogen,nitrogen,calcium and phosphorus.An atom is the smallest amount of a chemical element that has the characteristic properties of that element.Atoms can combine chemically to form molecules.For example,two atoms of hydrogen chemically combine to form one molecule of water.

Atoms and molecules associate to form the organelles and cells(building block of the body)of the cellular level.The human body is composed of about 100 trillion cells of many types,such as bone cells,muscle cells and blood cells.Cells vary in size and shape according to their function,most of them are so small that they can be seen only with a microscope.Each cell consists of specialized cell parts called organelles.One organelle,nucleus,serves as the information and control centre of the cell.Several other kinds of organelles scattered throughout the cell perform specific functions like breaking down fuel molecules to provide energy and manufacturing needed substances.

Cells associate to form tissues such as muscle or bone tissue.A tissue is a group of closely associated cells specialized to perform particular functions.The four main types of tissues are muscle tissue,nervous tissue,epithelial tissue and connective tissue.

Tissues may be organized to form organs such as the brain or heart.The heart consists mainly of muscle tissue but it is covered by epithelial tissue and also contains connective and nervous tissue.

Certain tissues and organs function together to make up an organ system or a body system.For example,the circulatory system consists of the heart,blood vessels,blood,lymph structures and several other organs.

The body systems work together to make up the human organism.

Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomy:Anatomy is the science of body structure.

Physiology:It is the study of function,or how the body works.

The anatomy and physiology of the body are closely related.Each body part is precisely adapted for carrying out its specific job.For example,the stomach has muscular walls that help into churning and breaking down food.Its lining produces substances that break down food chemically.

Anatomy and physiology are broad fields with many sub disciplines.For example

Gross anatomy focuses on structures that can be studied by dissection.

Microscopic anatomy focuses on structures that can be studied with microscopes.

Cell biology is the study of the structure,function,and interaction of cells.

Appendix

Location:Appendix is a vestigial hollow tube which is closed at one end and is attached 

at the other end to the caecum,a blind pouch at the beginning of the large intestine 

into which the ileum opens from one side and which is continuous with the colon.

Structure:Appendix is usually 3 to 4 inches(8 to 10 cm)long and less than 0.5 inches(1.3cm)wide.The cavity of the appendix where it joins the caecum is much narrower than at its closed end.It has muscular walls that expel the mucous secretions of the appendiceal walls or any of the intestinal contents that have worked their way into the structure into the caecum.When the appendix is prevented from emptying itself or anything blocks its opening,appendicitis may occur.Swelling of the lining appendiceal walls can also block the opening and the most common obstruction in the opening is a faecalith.

Function:The appendix has no function in modern humans, however it is believed to have been part of the digestive system.New studies prove that the appendix may produce and protect bacteria that are beneficial in the function of the human colon.

Diseases:The most common diseases of the appendix (in humans) are appendicitis and carcinoid tumors.Appendicitis is a painful swelling and infection of the appendix.It is a medical emergency.

Abdominal pain is the main symptom of appendicitis.The second symptom is loss of appetite which may lead to nausea and vomiting.Nausea and vomiting occur due to the obstruction of intestine.

Appendectomy is the surgery to remove the appendix which is the standard treatment for appendicitis.

How To Make Your Own Baby Cosmetics

Conventionally produced cosmetics and personal care products often contain poisonous substances, many of which were synthetically derived from petrochemicals. These ingredients have the potential for causing cancer, birth defects, central nervous system disorders, allergic respiratory reactions, and skin and eye irritations. Many chemicals found in cosmetics don't cause immediate visible signs of toxicity, but affect our health negatively over time through repeated use.

That's the bad news. The good news is that we can do something about it. As parents, making our own baby products on the basis of all natural ingredients not only saves us money, but also ensures that our babies' delicate immune systems and developing bodies are not unduly taxed by toxic and allergenic ingredients.

Even better, baby products using simple, natural ingredients are easy to make. You can pick up most of the ingredients you will need on your next trip to the local shops. Supermarkets and natural food stores carry almost everything you will need, and specialist ingredients should be available in your pharmacy.

Baby massage oil is one of the most versatile baby products. It can be used on baby's skin, in the bath, or massaged into the scalp to treat cradle cap. Baby massage is one of the most fulfilling forms of nurturing you can give your child. It aids digestion, relieves colic, eases tension, regulates breathing, and spurs growth. Massage offers your infant not only the comfort and stimulus of touch, but a full range of enriching sensual experiences: eye contact, a soothing voice, and a familiar scent.

You can make your own baby oil using pure almond oil, which is hypoallergenic and has a slightly warming effect on the body, aiding relaxation. If your baby is allergic to seed and nut oils, you can use olive oil as a base instead. For babies older than 6 months, you may wish to experiment by adding a few drops of essential oil to the base oil. Excellent choices for babies include lavender (to achieve a relaxing, sedative effect), geranium (to ease nervous tension and to counteract negative moods), myrrh (to ease coughs, colds, and bronchitis - also beneficial for digestive problems such as colic in infants), and ylang ylang (use sparingly for a highly relaxing and uplifting effect).

Baby wipes are another product which you are sure to use every day. Why not make them yourself? You will save money, and your baby's delicate skin will thank you.

To make your own wipes, mix one fourth cup of almond or olive oil with two cups of distilled water and one fourth cup of baby shampoo (choose a natural brand). To this, add 8 drops of lavender essential oil and 5 drops of tea tree oil (optional). Now, prepare a roll of paper towels to become baby wipes. First, cut it in half. You now have two short rolls. Remove the cardboard center. Place a short roll in an airtight, waterproof container (you can use an old baby wipe box or a tupperware container) and pour the solution over the towels. Put the lid back on the box and turn it upside down so the solution is absorbed. Alternatively, if you use cloth or flannel wipes, keep the solution in a jar or spray bottle and apply as needed.

Even the most well cared for baby bottoms occasionally suffer a bout of diaper rash. Most diaper rash creams on the market today are formulated on the basis of bee's wax, and many do-it-yourself recipes contain the same ingredient. If you wish to avoid animal products, you can use jojoba oil instead. Jojoba oil is perfect for baby skin due to its great nutritional properties. Its structure is very close to human sebum so it is easily absorbed.

Jojoba oil allows the skin to breathe, unlike other oils. It nourishes the skin and moisturizes it at the same time. To further enhance these beneficial properties add 5 drops of tea tree or lavender essential oil (both act as anti-bacterial agents) for every 2 ounces of oil. Wheat germ oil with its naturally high Vitamin E content complements this jojoba oil mixture. Adding a few drops will also help preserve this product. Pure Vitamin E Oil is a good alternative if you cannot find wheat germ oil.

by: Katharina Bishop

http://www.articlecity.com/articles/parenting/article_1081.shtml

Warning! Flu Shots Can Be Dangerous To Your Health

Every year about this time doctors around the world are recommending that people go in and get their annual flu shot. What most people don’t know or understand is just how dangerous this could be, especially for children under the age of 12. When people call and say “My doctor is telling the family to go in and get a flu shot. Should I do it?”…I tell them they should learn about the side effects and decide for themselves…as a chiropractor and naturopathic physician I don’t’ have the time or energy to argue with family practitioners or family doctors who are obviously uneducated on the possible side effects or detrimental effects flu shots or vaccinations in general can have on the body.

I personally have never received a flu shot and have never been ill during the flu season. In my personal opinion I don’t think toxic chemicals and strains of different viruses growing on living tissue belong inside the body. Because of the demand, I want to share with you some of the research that we have found in the latest flu shot trend and the by-products of these supposedly sterile and non-harmful solutions.

I don’t know about you, but I sure would not want any of the following compounds in my bloodstream or deposited in my body. Let’s look at what we have found in the common vaccinations:

Ethylene Glycol: Ethylene Glycol is nothing more than the technical name for anti-freeze, the same stuff that you put inside your car engine. I don’t think I have to tell you what would happen if you ingest antifreeze.

Thimerosal: This is a mercury derived disinfectant and preservative which is used in a majority of the vaccinations and can result in brain injury over a long period of time leading into Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s Disease, lack of memory, sluggish brain performance and also is known to induce auto-immune diseases such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, ALS as well as altering and depleting the immune system from working efficiently.

Phenol: Phenol is most commonly used as a disinfectant, also used as a dye, is listened as a carcinogenic agent (cancer-causing) agent and is also known as carbolic acid.

Neomycin and Streptomycin: These compounds are used as antibiotics which have side effects to include severe allergic reactions in some people. It always puzzled me why they are putting two different forms of antibiotics in a viral vaccine.

Aluminum: Aluminum accumulates in the skin, bones, brain and kidneys and can cause Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Aluminum has also caused cancer in laboratory mice. It is commonly used as an additive in most vaccinations.

Formaldehyde: Formaldehyde is used as a preservative. It is also classified as a carcinogenic (cancer-causing agent) and causes the body fluids to become acidic in nature. Formaldehyde will start to preserve your tissues within the body.

I hope that when your doctor starts telling you that it is time for your annual flu vaccine you will present this material to him and ask him how all of these ingredients are going to prevent you from getting the flu. I’ll be very interested in knowing what his answer is to that question. As a side note just to let you know what is being injected to your body, these vaccines are strained through animal or human tissues like chicken embryos, monkey kidney tissue and embryonic guinea pig cells, to name a few.

So what am I supposed to do if I don’t listen to my doctor and I decide not to get an annual flu shot? Well, you have probably made the smartest decision you have ever made in your entire life. So let me give you 5 Simple Secrets and Bonuses to Sailing Through The Flu Season:

Secret #1: Reduce your intake of caffeine, alcohol and carbonated beverages and replace with purified water with addition of organic apple cider vinegar added. Two tablespoons per gallon or a capful per glass. Ideally, you should drink at least ½ gallon of water each day.

Secret #2: Reduce intake of refined white sugar, white flour, sweets, refined grains and hydrogenated oils. Try not to over-eat, especially during the holidays. Try to get adequate exercise—at least 3 times per week. The more you move, the better your lymph system is able to move toxic materials out of the body.

Secret #3: Zinc. In a majority of the studies that have been done during the flu season many people have prevented the flu by taking supplements of zinc. Zinc is one of the most powerful immune stimulants and is powerful anti-viral. There are a lot of different forms of zinc and you have to be careful on which one you choose. Therefore I recommend the best and most absorbable form of zinc which is zinc orotate. If you cannot find this form of zinc at your local health food store or natural health care practitioner contact Global Healing Center at 713.476.0016 orstaff@globalhealingcenter.com. Do not take zinc at the same time you eat or drink citrus fruits or juices. It will diminish the effectiveness of the zinc.

Secret #4: Eat as close to nature as possible. This means to eat food that is considered “live.” Include raw fruits (seasonal), vegetables and nuts and seeds as much as possible in your diet. If possible, buy organic or from a local farmer’s market. Make sure that you thoroughly wash your fruits and vegetables before consuming. Vegetables may be steamed lightly or used in nourishing soups and stews. Adding fresh garlic to your diet is also recommended.

Secret #5: Eliminate stress and negative emotions. Being negative and allowing stress to affect you can quickly bring down the immune system. Learn to say no to activities that will over-tax your schedule. Spend time alone each day and read positive books, listen to good music or practice meditation. Train your mind to find the positive or good in every situation and treat all of these situations as a learning experience. Don’t go around playing the “victim” in life.

BONUS! Secret #6: Colloidal Silver, Oxygenator and Oregano Oil: Colloidal silver has been around for hundreds of years and has been used as a natural antibiotic which promotes healing. It can also be used as a nasal spray and as eardrops. Oxygenator is a safe, stable, inorganic compound of oxygen and chlorine-containing products, in a colorless and odorless aqueous medium. Oxygenator is known to release chlorine dioxide (CL02), and the product has demonstrated efficacy as an anti-inflammatory, broad spectrum, bactericidal, fungicidal, as well as a virucidal agent. The Chemistry Literature verifies this triple-threat ability of CL02. Oregano Oil is a powerful germ and painkiller. An article published in Phytotherapy Research describes how oregano oil superceded anti-inflammatory drugs in reversing pain and inflammation and is nearly as powerful as morphine as a painkiller. The oil also possesses significant antioxidant powers. Furthermore, it stimulates the flow of bile, which greatly aids digestion. Keep these three products in your medicine cabinet at all times. All three are available fromwww.globalhealingcenter.com or call 713.476.0016.

SUPER BONUS!! Extra Tips and Suggestions

• Get adequate sleep and rest. The body does the most healing between the hours of sundown and midnight. It is impossible to “catch-up” on sleep.
• Wash your hands frequently. Rinse and dry your hands thoroughly and keep them away from your eyes, nose, and mouth. If you sneeze use a tissue and throw it away as soon as possible.
• Buy a new toothbrush frequently. Toothbrushes can harbor viruses and prolong an illness.
• Eucalyptus Oil is good for relieving congestion. Put 6 drops in a hot bath or in boiling water, put a towel over your head and inhale the vapors. You can also diffuse it through an essential oil diffuser.
• Dairy Products. Dairy can be very mucous causing not to mention the fact that many people have an allergy to cow’s milk and don’t even know it.
• 3 Drops of 3% Hydrogen Peroxide in each ear 3x daily for 5 days helps relieve flu symptoms.

With many flu seasons ahead I felt it was finally time to break the silence and reveal these secrets to as many people as possible. I have come to the conclusion that your Dr. doesn’t want you to know about the detrimental effects of flu shots and vaccinations. Please feel free to share this article with your friends, family and loved ones. I wish you a happy and healthy holiday season. Don’t forget to check all the information and research articles on our continually up-dated website: www.globalhealingcenter.com

 by: DR. Edward F. Group III

http://www.articlecity.com/articles/health/article_366.shtml

Thyroid Dysfunction, its Symtoms & Treatment

Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland situated under the pituitary gland does not produce the required amount of thyroid hormone. This hormone is necessary for proper functioning of the cells of our body and assist in metabolism. Any deficiency in this hormone would result in a host of problems in the human body.

There many people around the world with some form of hypothyroidism or thyroid dysfunction without even knowing that they have that disorder.Surgery, medications, iodine deficiency, dysfunction of the pituitary gland, and thyroid gland inflammation are some of the causes of hypothyroidism. The other causes of hypothyroidism could be chronic fatigue and weakness, weight gain or difficulty in losing weight, dry and rough skin, and abnormal menstrual cycles.

The symptoms of hypothyroidism is often associated with the symptoms of candida over growth and other fungal diseases. Diagnoses are the important one in the treatment of hypothyroidism. Diagnoses are always related with the symptoms of hypothyroidism. The other symptoms of hypothyroidism are mild swelling of the feet and legs, heavy lower eyelids, pain in the wrist due to compression of nerves.

The symptoms of hypothyroidism can be the list given above and also decreased sex drive, memory loss, depression and irritability, constipation, muscle cramps, hair loss or dry hair, and intolerance to cold. These symptoms should be watched for and treatment should be taken accordingly with the help of a medical practitioner or a health care provider.Hypothyroidism is diagnosed by a blood test. The TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone from the pituitary gland) level and T4 levels in the blood are tested.

The T4 level is the main thyroid hormone. The doctor who is checking these levels should be well aware to compare the TSH and T4 levels with the symptoms to identify whether the person is suffering from hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is the over production of the thyroid hormone. Levothyroxine is administered for persons suffering from hypothyroidism. This is a synthetic thyroid hormone that is administered to compensate for the lower production of the hormone in our body.

Natural remedies for hypothyroidism are effective method. The herbs used in the natural remedies for hypothyroidism help to maintain healthy thyroid functioning. The herbs used in the natural treatment for hypothyroidism are fucus vesiculosis, it is a sea vegetable it contain iodine. Avena sativa is used for nerve disorder it is known as nerve tonic.

by: Balaji .B

http://www.articlecity.com/articles/health/article_1444.shtml

Benefits Of Drinking Water

The benefits of drinking water have been proven because studies have shown that around 80% of the world’s population is dehydrated. The chief reason for this condition is over consumption of caffeinated beverages like tea and coffee that make the body lose water. Water is a naturally available liquid that is the most important factor in human survival. Water comprises about 2/3rd of our total body weight. The biggest irony is that most of us don’t know what to drink when we are dehydrated. The answer is simple. Drink water! 

The benefits of drinking water is an important factor in the proper health of the body systems. Drinking water has several health benefits. If you have high blood pressure or cancer, drink as much water as possible because water helps to stablized the blood pressure and promote the healing process of cancerous cells. Taking in adequate amounts of water if your are a diabetic is especially important because high blood sugar actually dehydrate the blood cells and causes the blood sugar levels to rise even higher. That's why when a person come in the hospital in ketoacidosis the first line of action is to start an IV and get the person properly hydrated. Often, people forget to drink water unless they feel very thirsty. To help you to remember to drink water at regular intervals, you can set a timer or buy a watch that is equipped with a timer. 

It is better to drink smaller quantities of water more frequently than to drink a lot of water at one time. It is recommended to drink 8 to 12 oz a day and if you have not been drinking water regularly, you should double the recommended amount because your cells are already dehydrate. Make sure that you don’t too much drink water in the morning prior to beginning any physical activity. It is very essential to plan a proper routine for water drinking. 

Water is necessary for proper digestion and absorption of essential nutrients like vitamins, minerals, etc. that our body gets from the food we eat. Also, detoxification of the kidneys and liver along with the removal of toxins and wastes from the body happen to be major benefits of drinking water. You should not wait until you are dehydrated to drink water. Drinking water regularly is imperative because dehydration can result in serious illness. 

The diverse benefits of drinking water include sustaining energy levels, being mentally and physically alert, removing toxins and wastes from the body and maintaining healthy skin. Drinking water also helps in reducing weight. Since water is a natural appetite suppressant, it helps to cut down overeating and that helps to maintain your proper weight. Doctors often say that, when you feel hungry, your body is actually craving water and not solid food. 

Bear in mind that water has its exclusive qualities and other beverages cannot replace the benefits of drinking water. So make sure you drink adequate quantities of water every day to live a healthy and happy life. 

by: Zandra Jones

http://www.articlecity.com/articles/health/article_5586.shtml

Sexually Stimulating Herbs

Herbs have been used in all cultures around the world to stimulate sexual arousal, physical sexual feelings and sexual abilities. In the modern world herbs are increasingly more used both to increase the sexual pleasure and as medicine to help for sexual dysfunctions. The herbs are used both in their original form or the working substances are extracted and used as ingredients in tinctures, ointments or pills. 

THE GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF SEXUALLY STIMULATING HERBS 

The working principles of the chemical components in these herbs are of several kinds, and the ingredients make their effects at different places in the human body. 

- Some herbal ingredients stimulate generally the function of the neural system. Since sexual response and feelings are dependent of a well working neural system, the herbs will also increase the sexual response. 

- Other herbal ingredients generally improve the body's blood circulation. The better blood flow and the better control of the blood flow will then make the genital organs work better and engorge better upon sexual stimulation. Better engorgement will stimulate the feeling bodies at the nerve endings in the sexual organs and thus give stronger physical feelings. 

- There are components in some herbs that stimulate tissue growth and regeneration. Such components can make structures in the sexual organs grow stronger and more capable to do their work. 

- Some herbal ingredients stimulate directly centres in the central nervous system that play an important role in the sexual response, and thus increase the psychological arousal. A higher psychological arousal will cause signals to be sent to the sexual organs so that they will engorge more strongly and produce more sexual secretions. 

- Still other herbal components stimulate the feeling bodies in the genital organs directly, and will thereby give stronger physical feelings. The stimulation of the feeling bodies will also make the central nervous system send signals back to the sexual organs and make them work more efficient. 

- Some herbal ingredients will stimulate the production of sexual hormones or other hormones important for the sexual functions, or they will normalize a disturbed hormonal system. 

SOME IMPORTANT HERBS USED FOR SEXUAL STIMULATION 

Here are some important sexually stimulating herbs presented. Many of the herbs stimulate the human organism at several points and thus have more than one type of effect. Where not otherwise indicated, both men and women will feel the stimulating effect. 

- Bayberry: The fruits increase blood flow and capillary dilation in the mucus membranes of the vagina, and thus stimulate vaginal lubrication. 

- Catuaba: Catuaba is a South American bush. It has long been used as an aphrodisiac by Indians, and is the most important sexually stimulating plant used in South America nowadays. Catuaba generally stimulates the central nervous system, and especially the functions controlling sexual response. 

- Cayenne (Cayenne pepper, Spanish pepper): From the fruit one gets a well known spice with a very strong taste. The spice stimulates tissue growth and regeneration. This will make the sexual organs stronger and more efficient. Cayenne also makes the digestion and intestinal functions more effective and promotes heart functions. 

- Coffee or tea stimulates the central nervous system to a higher activity and thereby also the sexual arousal. Taking a cup of coffee before sexual activity is often a good idea.

- Cuscuta: The seeds of cuscuta stimulate and normalizes the part of the nervous system that controls the sexual organs. This effect helps control premature ejaculation, helps control urination and vitalizes the functions of the sexual organs. It also has a general stimulating effect upon the nervous system. 

- Damiana: Damiana is a small Mexican shrub, of which the leaves are used for medical purposes. Damiana stimulates the function of the sympathetic nerves controlling the sexual organs, the urinary system, the digestive organs and the respiratory organs. The herb thus strengthens all the functions of the sexual organs and urinary system. The herbs have many of the same effects as the female hormone progesterone, and therefore the herb works especially effective for women. 

- Ginseng: There are many species of the herb ginseng, growing both in East Asia and Northern America. Ginseng stimulates neural functions and bodily activities. Ginseng stimulates and normalizes the blood flow in the brain and sexual organs. Ginseng also stimulates nerve growth, blood production and sperm production. This stimulation will in turn give a general rejuvenating effect, stronger arousal, better genital functions and stronger physical feelings. 

- Hawthorn: Hawthorn is a tree growing in all temperate zones of the world. The fruits are used. Hawthorn stimulates heart functions and blood flow, and helps to reduce atherosclerotic plaque in blood vessels. This general positive effect upon blood circulation will in turn improve sexual functions as for example female engorgement and male erection. 

- Horny goat weed (Epidemium): This is an East Asian herb. The whole plant except the root is used in herbal preparations. This herb stimulates the sensorial bodies in the sexual organs, giving stronger genital feelings. It also increases sperm production, giving better fertility. It further stimulates sexual desire by acting upon the central nervous system. The herb also increases the general activity of the nervous system and thereby the general vitality. 

- Johimbe; Johimbe is a tall and evergreen tree growing in tropical areas of Africa. The bark stimulates the blood flow in the genitals and therefore helps against erection problems. However, in higher doses the drug can cause hypertension, digestive problems and manic reactions. 

- Maca; This South American herb stimulates sexual desire and drive. 

- Muira Pauma: Muria Puama is a Brazilian shrub, known as "Potency Wood". Extracts of the bark is used. Muira Puama stimulates sexual desire and libido, and thereby increases potency. 

- Suma: Suma root stimulates and normalizes the hormone production of the whole body, both the production of systemic hormones and local hormones. The improved hormonal system will then improve mental and physical sexual functions. 

- Peppermint: Leaves of the peppermint plant stimulate the secretion of lubricating substances in the genital system. This facilitates the sexual act and protects the sexual organ against injury. 

On the market you can find pills, tinctures or teas made of one or more of these herbs. What herbs or herbal product you should choose, depend on your purpose. The purposes are generally of 6 kinds: 

- Increased libido or sexual desire. 
- Increased feelings in the genital region. 
- Better erection or sexual performance. 
- Better lubrication. 
- Increased strength or size of the genitals. 
- Increased fertility. 

by: Knut Holt

http://www.articlecity.com/articles/relationships/article_1044.shtml

Potassium and Its Benefits to the Human Body

Potassium is a mineral that serves a variety of purposes within the body. Despite its importance to so many of the body's functions and systems, most people do not consume the standard recommended daily levels of this essential mineral. This is unfortunate as long-term deficiency can contribute to and even directly cause a variety of health problems and complications not only to the body but to one's lifestyle as well.

Helping to regulate the body's fluid levels is one of the mineral potassium's greatest functions. Not only that but it also has a great part in regulating the blood pressure. It also helps to keep the heart thumping steadily and regularly and is also essential to the nervous system. Potassium works to promote the proper functioning of the tissue that makes up the nervous system. It also serves to enhance muscle control plus the growth and health of cells particularly through its importance in waste product removal. This mineral is also vital to the kidneys in their waste removal tasks. Potassium also plays an important role to mental function as well as to physical processes. It helps to promote efficient cognitive functioning by playing a significant role in getting oxygen to the brain.

Failing to meet the standard recommended daily intake levels can lead to a variety of negative consequences for both physical well being and mental health. Physical symptoms can include muscular cramps and twitching, muscular weakness, even actual muscle damage, poor reflexes, fatigue, fragile bones, irregular heartbeat and other cardiovascular irregularities, kidney failure, lung failure, and cardiac arrest. Mental symptoms can include nervous disorders of various types, anorexia, insomnia, a slowdown of cognitive processes, and depression.

There are certain health situations that can make a person more susceptible to suffering from a deficiency of potassium. These include alcoholism, health conditions requiring the use of certain types of diuretics, periods of high stress and illnesses or conditions that result in extended periods of diarrhea and vomiting. Some situations of our own making can contribute to potassium deficiency. These include excessive caffeine intake and a diet made up of mostly processed foods. Consuming excessive amount of salt daily can also attribute to the decrease of potassium in the human body.

Our bodies are complex systems in which there is a delicate chemical balance that keeps everything functioning as it should. Disruptions to the system are going to have consequences with some being more severe than others. Some of these consequences can take the form of disease or irreversible damage. Prevention is always better than trying to cure illness or repair damage. One of the most important parts of prevention is good nutrition. Making sure that you regularly consume the standard recommended daily intake levels of the vitamins, mineral and other nutrients your body needs is the first vital step in keeping a healthy physic and mind.

But because of today's lifestyle and diet, it is very hard therefore to intake the proper daily amount of potassium necessary for a normal life. For this concern, nutritional supplements are the solution. They offer an efficient and reliable means of meeting not only our daily potassium needs but also other daily dietary requirements need by the system. Because the balance of nutrients is so important to achieving the optimum standards of performance and health, you may want to consider setting up a consultation with either a licensed nutritionist or your health care provider to create a personalized supplement plan; one that will be best suited to your individual dietary need and health goals.

by: Charlene J. Nuble

http://www.articlecity.com/articles/health/article_2836.shtml

Anti Aging Skin Care With Retinol

As we grow old, our skin begins to age and develops wrinkles and fine lines. There is a plethora of anti aging skin care products available in the market that help to relieve these signs of aging and help the skin regain its lost vitality. These anti aging skin care products are packed with powerful ingredients that specifically aim to correct the aging signs and enhance the skin quality. One such amazing ingredient is Retinol. 

What is Retinol? 

Retinol is an active form of Vitamin A. It is a topical compound that is used to treat acne and signs of skin aging like wrinkles, fine lines and age spots. It also heals sun damaged skin. The skin has vitamin A receptors, thus absorbs retinol based products when they are applied on the skin. Once absorbed, Retinol stimulates the production of collagen and helps improve the skin structure. 

Retinol is also proven to be effective in treating cystic acne and exfoliating the skin to unclog skin pores. 

Types of Retinol Skin Care Products 

Vitamin A based anti-aging skin care products can be classified in two categories – Prescription strength products and Over-the-counter products.

Prescription strength products contain ingredients like Tretinoin, which is very effective in diminishing the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines and thereby improving the skin quality. 

Over-the-counter products contain relatively milder ingredients like Retinol and can be effective enough to reduce wrinkles and fine lines on the skin. Apart from this, it also enhances the skin tone and makes the skin more smooth and supple. 

Working of Retinol Skin Care Products 

Our skin has a supporting layer of collagen and elastin fibers within the skin surface. As we grow old, these fibers get damaged by factors like sun exposure, environmental pollutants, and prolonged use of cosmetics to neme a few.. Asa result, the skin loses it elasticity and develops wrinkles and fine lines. 

Retinol is a small molecule that penetrates the skin surface and repairs the damaged collagen and elastin fibers. When the collagen and elastin levels of the skin are revitalized, the skin regains its vitality and elasticity. As a result, the skin becomes smooth and supple. Wrinkles and fine lines also get diminished and the skin looks younger. 

Side Effects of Retinol Skin Care Products 

Retinol based anti aging skin care products are generally very safe to use. However, there can be slight itchiness and skin redness in some people. This is perfectly normal and just shows that the product is working. These side effects will subside in a couple of days as the skin gets used to it. 

One thing that you should note is that Retinol increases the skins sensitivity to sunlight. Therefore avoid prolonged sun exposure. Also, make sure you wear sunscreen when you venture out in the sun. 

Tips for Using Retinol Skin Care Products 

The best time to apply retinol based skin care products is in the evening or at night before going to bed. This minimizes the risk of undue sun exposure as these products tend to increase the sensitivity of the skin to sun. If at all you need to use Retinol skin care products in the day time, make sure you wear a sunscreen along with it. 

Never overuse or use more than the prescribed quantity of Retinol based skin care products, especially the prescription strength ones. Overuse may cause irritations and lead to burning sensations on the skin. 

Avoid using Retinol skin care products when you are using other skin care products that contain alpha hydroxy acids and benzoyl peroxide. If you combine Retinol with these, it may fail to be effective. 

Some Product Suggestions: 

iS Clinical Pro-Heal Serum – It is revolutionary skin care formulation that contains 15% Vitamin C, 1% Vitamin E and 1% Retinol combined with powerful antioxidants and olive leaf extracts. The serum heals the skin and improves its integrity in addition to enhancing the skin texture and preventing damage by the ultraviolet radiations of sunlight. It also contains 0.5% of Kojic acid that evens out skin pigmentation and prevents the occurrence of acne. The zinc sulfate contents in the serum helps reduce inflammations. 

Obagi Tretinoin Cream (.025%, .05% and .1%) - Obagi Tretinoin Cream stimulates cell turnover and is a derivative of Vitamin A and the active ingredient in Retin-A. It is used to treat acne and scaly skin problems as well as has anti-aging benefits to reduce fine lines and wrinkles. 

by: Marilynnn Syrett

http://www.articlecity.com/articles/health/article_7584.shtml